| HABIT: Shrub. |
| HABIT: A vine shrub climbing upto 10m high, yellow almanda has smooth, red stems that bleeding milky sap when cut. |
| LEAVES: Leaves are glossy, dark green, leathery or lance- shaped, 8-15cm long x 4-5 cm width and arranged in whorls of 3-4 up the stem. |
| FLOWER: Flowers are bright yellow, trumpet shaped consisting of five overlapping petals, 6-10cm across appear in clusters at the ends of stems. |
| FRUIT: Fruit is the seed capsule, rounf with soft spines 4 cm across. Seeds are tan- flat and slightly winged. Yellow allamanda spreads via the dumping of garden refuse and plants climbing from gardens into adjoining areas. Seeds are spread on wind and water. |
| FLOWERING AND FRUITING TIME: Flowering can occur during spring and summer. |
| The flower extracts have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, laxative, and invitro hepatoprotective properties. |
| The leaf extract has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, antifertility potency in males, and antimicrobial action against various drug-resistant clinical pathogens. |
| A. cathartica with potential anti-inflammatory and antihyper nociceptive activities in models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. |
| Leaves are also used as an antidote, and for relieving coughs and headaches. |
| It has been used as a laxative, febrifuge, as well as for the treatment of jaundice and enlarged spleen resulting from malaria. |
